FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Menstrual Disorders
(e.g. Amenorrhoea, Premenstrual Syndorme (PMS), Prolonged/Heavy Menstrual bleeding)
Amneorrhoea
Amenorrhoea literally means absence of menstruation. It is a symptom and not a disease.
What are the types of amenorrhea?
Primary amenorrhea
Primary amenorrhea is when you haven't gotten your first period by age 15 or within five years of the first signs of puberty (such as developing breasts). It's usually due to genetic conditions (conditions you're born with) or acquired abnormalities (conditions that develop after birth)
Secondary amenorrhea
Secondary amenorrhea is when you've been getting regular periods, but you stop getting your period for at least three months, or your period stops for six months when they were previously irregular. Common reasons for this type of amenorrhea include:
Pregnancy.
Lactation.
Stress.
Having a chronic illness.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, describes symptoms that show up before your period. Symptoms can be based on emotions such as irritability or depression, or you may have physical symptoms like breast pain or bloating. These symptoms usually arise one to two weeks before you start your period and return at the same time each month.
Menorrhagia
Menorrhagia is defined as cyclic bleeding at normal intervals; the bleeding is either excessive in amount (>80ml) or duration (>7days) or both. The term menotaxis is often used to denote prolonged bleeding.
Causes
Common causes of primary amenorrhea
Primary amenorrhea occurs when you haven't had a period by 15 years old. Common causes include:
Chromosomal or genetic problems that affect your reproductive system, such as Tumer syndrome.
Hormonal issues stemming from problems with your brain or pituitary gland.
Structural problem with your organs, such as missing parts of your uterus or vagina or having an underdeveloped reproductive system.
Common causes of secondary amenorrhea
Secondary amenorrhea is when you miss your period for three or more months after previously having a normal period. Common causes include:
Some birth control methods, such as Depo Provera®, intrauterine devices (IUDs) and certain birth control pills.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer.
Previous uterine surgery with scarring (for example, if you had a dilation and curettage, often called D&C).
Stress.
Poor nutrition.
Weight changes — extreme weight loss or gain.
Extreme exercise routines.
Certain medications.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
The causes of PMS are unknown. It's possible that hormone changes related to your menstrual cycle cause some people to experience PMS symptoms. Symptoms usually show up after ovulation, when your ovaries release an egg. Your levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone dip around this time. Symptoms often go away a few days after your period, when your hormone levels start to rise again. These hormone fluctuations may be to blame for PMS.
Menorrhagia
Menorrhagia is a symptom of some underlying pathology - organic or functional
Pelvic: Due to congestion, increased surface area or hyperplasia of the endometrium.
Fibroid uterus
Adenomyosis
Pelvic endometriosis
IUCD inutero
Chronic tubo-ovarian mass
Tubercular endometriosis (early cases)
Retroverted uterus - due to congestion
Granulosa cell tumour of the ovary
Systemic: Liver dysfunction - failure to conjugate and thereby inactivates the oestrogens.
Congestive cardiac failure
Severe hypertension
Endocrinal:
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Haematological:
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Leukaemia
von Willebrand's disease
Platelet deficiency
Emotional upset:
Functional
Due to disturbed hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian-endometrial axis.
Symptoms
Amenorrhoea
The main symptom is the lack of periods. Other symptoms depend on the cause. You may experience:
Hot flashes.
Nipples leaking milk.
Vaginal dryness.
Headaches.
Vision changes.
Acne.
Excess hair growth on your face and body.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
It's common with PMS to experience a variety of symptoms that negatively impact your body and your emotional well-being. The symptoms associated with PMS aren't always predictable. The symptoms you notice in your 20s may be different from the ones you experience in your 30s and 40s.
What is predictable is the timing. Aches and pains or feelings of irritability that regularly precede your period and then get better afterward are a telltale sign of PMS.
Physical symptoms
The most common physical signs of PMS are a feeling of fullness in your belly (bloating) and fatigue. Other symptoms include:
Cramps.
Acne flare-ups.
Breast tenderness.
Headaches.
Emotional symptoms
Feelings of iritability and mood swings are the most common emotional indicators of PMS. Other symptoms include:
Changes in your sex drive.
Feeling anxious, sad or depressed.
Brain fog, or having trouble concentrating.
Food cravings or increased/decreased appetite.
Taking frequent naps or having trouble sleeping (insomnia).
Diminished interest in activities.
The emotional toll that PMS takes can cause you to withdraw from friends and family. It can intensify negative feelings, making it easier to lash out toward others.
Treatments
Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea has many different causes be it physiological or pathological. Homoeopathy which has best action on female reproductive system and hormonal system acts very well on such conditions and helps patients cure the cause and thus these symptoms. Constitutional medications help best in such patients. Homeopathic medication which help in such patients are pulsatilla, natrum mur, Kali carb etc.
Premenstrula Syndrome (PMS)
Pre menstrual syndrome happens because of hormonal imbalance. Homeopathy helps cure this imbalance and cures the symptoms. Immune system of body is improved by homeopathy. Homeopathic medication which help in such patients are ignatia, calcarea carb, lac can etc.
Menorrhagia
Homeopathy works deeply and permanently on female reproductive system and hormonal system. The cause of menorrhagia is figured out and then the treatment is done. Homeopathic constitutional medications help in curing these conditions very efficiently. Medications which help in such patients are crocus sativus, secal cor, ellaps corallinus etc
